全球大脑和神经系统疾病研究能力建设
Linda B Cottler1, Joseph Zunt2, Bahr Weiss3
1Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Nature
|November 19, 2015
概括
由于研究资金和能力有限,低收入和中等收入国家在应对神经和精神疾病方面面临重大挑战. 建立本地研究基础设施和培训专家对于有效应对这些大脑和神经系统疾病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 全球健康
- 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 神经,神经精神,物质使用和神经发育障碍对全球健康造成重大负担,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 这些疾病对LMIC的影响加剧了目标研究资金不足和国内研究能力不足.
- 解决这些健康问题需要发展本地研究基础设施,培养熟练的临床医生和科学家.
研究的目的:
- 审查不断变化的问题,知识和专注于建立LMIC研究能力的计划.
- 特别关注这些地区大脑和神经系统疾病研究能力的发展.
主要方法:
- 本次审查综合了关于现有挑战和研究能力建设的成功策略的信息.
- 它考察了旨在加强个人,机构和国家研究能力的计划和举措.
- 专注于神经,神经精神,物质使用和神经发育障碍的背景.
主要成果:
- 为了应对本地脑部和神经系统疾病的负担,在最不发达国家和地区建立研究能力至关重要.
- 研究基础设施的发展和当地专家的培训是成功能力建设的关键组成部分.
- 现有计划为在资源有限的环境中增强研究能力提供了有价值的见解.
结论:
- 为了有效管理和减轻神经和精神疾病的负担,加强最不发达国家和地区的研究能力至关重要.
- 对研究基础设施和人力资本的投资对于产生当地相关的证据和为政策提供信息至关重要.
- 需要共同努力和有针对性的计划,以建立对LMIC中大脑和神经系统疾病的可持续研究能力.
相关概念视频
Brain Imaging
927
Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
927
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
2.0K
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
2.0K
Disorders of the Nervous Tissue
3.1K
Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
3.1K
Gut-Brain Axis
53
The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...
53
Organization of the Brain
3.7K
The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
3.7K


