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在IDH突变质瘤中隔离器功能障碍和瘤基因激活
William A Flavahan1,2,3, Yotam Drier1,2,3, Brian B Liau1,2,3
1Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Nature
|December 25, 2015
概括
质瘤中的IDH突变破坏了DNA甲基化和CTCF结合,导致异常基因激活并促进瘤生长. 这种表观遗传破坏会影响染色体拓和瘤基因表达.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 表观遗传学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 异酸脱酶 (IDH) 的功能获取突变定义了关键的质瘤子类.
- 突变的IDH产生2-基酸盐,抑制参与DNA脱甲基化的TET酸酶.
- IDH突变质瘤表现出CpG岛甲基化表型 (G-CIMP),但其功能性作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究IDH突变质瘤中DNA甲基化变化的功能后果.
- 确定CCCTC结合因子 (CTCF) 在IDH突变细胞形成中的作用.
- 阐明IDH突变促进异常基因表达和质瘤发展的机制.
主要方法:
- 在人类IDH突变质瘤中对凝聚素和CTCF结合位的DNA甲基化模式的分析.
- 在IDH突变和野生型质球中评估CTCF结合,DNA甲基化和基因表达.
- 使用CRISPR-Cas9技术破坏IDH野生型质球中的CTCF动机.
主要成果:
- IDH突变质瘤在CTCF结合部位表现出高甲基化,减少CTCF结合并破坏拓域绝缘.
- 在域边界的CTCF结合损失允许异常增强剂与PDGFRA瘤基因相互作用.
- 脱甲基剂在IDH突变质层中部分恢复了绝缘体功能,并降低了PDGFRA的调节.
- 在IDH野生型质球中破坏CTCF基因,增加PDGFRA和增多.
结论:
- 通过表观遗传变化破坏染色体拓,IDH突变促进质生成.
- 损坏的CTCF隔离器功能导致异常基因激活,特别是PDGFRA癌基因.
- 针对表观遗传失调提供了IDH突变质瘤的潜在治疗策略.
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