精子tsRNAs有助于获得代谢障碍的跨代遗传
Qi Chen1, Menghong Yan2, Zhonghong Cao3
1State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 2, 2016
概括
父亲的高脂肪饮食会改变精子tsRNA,导致后代代谢障碍. 这些来自精子的小RNA作为表观遗传因子,调解代谢性疾病的代代代传播.
科学领域:
- 表观遗传学
- 生殖生物学
- 代谢疾病
背景情况:
- 父亲的饮食影响后代的新陈代谢健康,但根本的机制尚不清楚.
- 饮食引起的代谢障碍可以跨代传播.
研究的目的:
- 研究精子小RNAs在调解父亲饮食对后代代谢的影响中的作用.
- 确定涉及代际代谢疾病传播的特定精子小RNA.
主要方法:
- 使用一种高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 的父性小鼠模型.
- 分析精子转移RNA衍生小RNAs (tsRNAs) 的表达和修饰特征.
- 从HFD雄性中注射精子tsRNA部分到正常的卵巢中.
- 在F1后代和早期胚胎中评估代谢参数和基因表达.
主要成果:
- 一组精子tsRNAs (5' tRNA半,30- 34 nt) 在HFD男性中显示出改变的特征.
- 这些tsRNA的注射导致F1后代的代谢障碍.
- 在早期胚胎和F1后代群岛中观察到代谢途径的基因表达变化.
- 这些影响与CpG位点的DNA甲基化变化无关.
结论:
- 精子tsRNAs是父亲饮食诱导的代谢障碍的关键媒介.
- 精子tsRNAs作为代代代代谢遗传的父性表观遗传因子.
- 针对父性tsRNA的饮食干预可以防止代谢性疾病的传播.
相关概念视频
02:59Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
10.0K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
10.0K
01:43Sex-linked Disorders
110.9K
Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.
110.9K
01:35Pedigree Analysis
90.8K
Overview
90.8K
01:41Spermatogenesis
124.7K
Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
124.7K
01:22Spermatogenesis
10.9K
Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...
10.9K
02:30Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
38.7K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
38.7K