一个DNA催化剂的晶体结构
Almudena Ponce-Salvatierra1,2, Katarzyna Wawrzyniak-Turek1,3, Ulrich Steuerwald2
1Max Planck Research Group Nucleic Acid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Nature
|January 7, 2016
概括
科学家们确定了第一个高分辨率的DNA酶 (脱氧酶) 的晶体结构, 这种结构揭示了DNA催化剂如何折叠和功能,为它们的催化机制和进化提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 生物化学
- 分子生物学
- 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 生物催化主要由RNA (核糖酶) 和蛋白质 (酶) 进行.
- 合成DNA催化剂 (脱氧化酶) 已被开发用于各种反应,但由于缺乏原子分辨率结构,它们的机制仍然不太清楚.
- 之前对脱氧化酶的结构研究显示了催化不活跃的折叠.
研究的目的:
- 在原子分辨率下确定RNA结合脱氧化酶 (9DB1) 的三维晶体结构.
- 阐明脱氧酶催化和基质识别的机制基础.
- 为了比较DNA和RNA催化剂的结构原理.
主要方法:
- 用X射线晶体 (2.8 Å分辨率) 来确定9DB1脱氧酶的结构.
- 结构引导的位点导向突变发生,以探测催化机制和基质相互作用.
- 生物化学测定以评估反应速率和区域选择性的变化.
主要成果:
- 在后催化状态下确定了9DB1脱氧酶的晶体结构,显示出由三级相互作用稳定的紧,高度折叠的结构.
- 观察到催化中心的意想不到组织.
- 突变性研究提供了关于结合反应的区域选择性的见解,并使基质识别和催化效率的操纵成为可能.
- 该结构突出显示了脱氧化在DNA骨干结构和整体折叠中的作用.
结论:
- 确定的结构提供了RNA结合脱氧酶的第一个原子层次视图,揭示了其催化活性所必需的关键结构特征.
- 了解DNA催化物的结构基础,可以了解催化分子的演变以及DNA和RNA催化剂之间的差异.
- 这项工作促进了对脱氧酶及其潜在应用的机制理解.
相关概念视频
Nucleic Acid Structure
10.2K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
DNA Structure
DNA...
10.2K
Ribozymes
13.7K
The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can...
Ribozymes can...
13.7K
RNA Structure
80.6K
Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
80.6K
ATP Synthase: Structure
17.4K
ATP synthase or ATPase is among the most conserved proteins found in bacteria, mammals, and plants. This enzyme can catalyze a forward reaction in response to the electrochemical gradient, producing ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP synthase can also work in a reverse direction by hydrolyzing ATP and generating an electrochemical gradient. Different forms of ATP synthases have evolved special features to meet the specific demands of the cell. Based on their specific feature, ATP...
17.4K
The DNA Helix
161.7K
Overview
161.7K
The DNA Helix
31.6K
Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...
31.6K


