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相关概念视频

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

Antigen Processing Pathways

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MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Author Spotlight: Optimized Protocol for Detecting Antigen-Specific T Cells in Mouse Lungs Using Tetramers
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由主要基因相容性复合体E限制的广泛向的CD8+T细胞反应

Scott G Hansen1, Helen L Wu1, Benjamin J Burwitz1

  • 1Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 23, 2016
PubMed
概括

用修改后的细胞大脑病毒载体进行疫苗接种会引起由主要基因相容性复合体E (MHC- E) 限制的多种T细胞反应. 这些受MHC- E限制的CD8 () T细胞反应可能对持久性病毒感染具有更高的疗效.

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学
  • 病毒学
  • 结构生物学

背景情况:

  • 主性基因相容性复合物E (MHC-E) 是一个保存的,非经典的MHCIb类分子,调节自然杀手 (NK) 细胞.
  • MHC-E被HIV和猿类免疫缺陷病毒等持久病毒调节,以逃避NK细胞的检测.

研究的目的:

  • 研究MHC-E的结和T细胞表现能力.
  • 探索MHC-E受限制的T细胞对持续性病毒感染的反应的潜力.

主要方法:

  • rhesus 是用缺乏特定基因 (Rh157.5 和Rh157.4) 的 rhesus 细胞大脑病毒载体接种的.
  • 分析了MHC-E限制的表位对CD8αβ(+) T细胞的表现.
  • 对MHC-E进行了计算结构分析.

主要成果:

  • 疫苗注射导致MHC- E受限的多种表位向CD8αβ(+) T细胞呈现.
  • 在测试的抗原中,每100个氨基酸中有大约4个不同的表位.
  • 结构分析显示一个稳定的,开放的MHC-E结合槽,可以容纳多种侧链相互作用.

结论:

  • MHC-E具有广泛的表位,表明它有可能成为免疫干预的目标.
  • 利用MHC-E受限制的CD8 ((+) T细胞反应可以利用病毒免疫逃避策略,提高对持久性病毒的治疗效果.