巴西的心血管健康:趋势和前景
Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro1, Bruce B Duncan2, Luisa C C Brant2
1From Hospital das Clínicas and School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (A.L.P.R., L.C.C.B., S.M.B.); Faculdade de Medicina and Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil (B.B.D.); Faculdade de Medicina and Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (P.A.L.); Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil (J.G.M.); and ELSA-Brasil Cohort Study (A.L.P.R., B.B.D., L.C.C.B., P.A.L. J.G.M, S.M.B.). tom@hc.ufmg.br.
心血管疾病 (CVD) 仍然是巴西的主要死亡原因,但由于公共卫生举措,年龄调整后的死亡率有所下降. 然而,差距仍然存在,对弱势群体的影响不成比例.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 流行病学
- 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 巴西面临着严重的社会不平等和人口变化,
- 健康行为正在发生变化, 吸烟减少, 肥胖和不运动增加.
- 心血管疾病是巴西死亡和住院的主要原因.
研究的目的:
- 分析心血管疾病 (CVD) 死亡率的趋势,并确定影响这些趋势的因素.
- 评估巴西公共卫生系统对心血管疾病的影响.
- 突出基于种族,性别和社会经济地位的心血管疾病死亡率差异.
主要方法:
- 分析2000年至2011年国家死亡率数据.
- 对心血管疾病及其亚型的年龄调整死亡率的检查.
- 根据人口和社会经济因素对死亡率趋势的分层.
主要成果:
- 根据年龄调整的心血管疾病死亡率在2000年至2011年间下降了24%.
- 缺血性心脏病和脑血管疾病是导致心血管疾病死亡的主要原因.
- 死亡率下降因种族和社会经济地位而异,对黑人和低收入人群的影响更大.
结论:
- 巴西的公共卫生系统有助于降低年龄调整的心血管疾病死亡率.
- 持续的社会不平等加剧了心脏病的负担,
- 解决资金,教育和社会差距对于全面预防和治疗心血管疾病至关重要.
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