酵母中的糖专业化权衡的多基因演变
Jeremy I Roop1, Kyu Chul Chang2,3, Rachel B Brem1,3
1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Nature
|February 11, 2016
概括
进化遗传学揭示了复杂的特征来自于多种突变. 研究人员在酵母中发现了控制复杂代谢权衡的特定银河糖 (GAL) 基因,证明了不同物种的基因映射可行性.
科学领域:
- 进化遗传学
- 分子生物学
- 酵母遗传学
背景情况:
- 新型特征通过众多的基因组突变进化,这给检测带来了挑战,尤其是古代的等位基因.
- 了解复杂的进化权衡需要剖析复杂的遗传结构.
研究的目的:
- 解剖长期分离的酵母物种之间前所未有的复杂的进化权衡.
- 调查Saccharomyces cerevisiae中延迟的银河糖代谢的遗传基础.
主要方法:
- 在葡萄糖-银糖介质中对Saccharomyces cerevisiae和Saccharomyces bayanus进行比较分析.
- 两种物种之间的 GAL 基因 (促进体和编码区域) 的基因工程 (转基因).
- 增长和基因表达的表型分析.
主要成果:
- 与S. bayanus相比,Saccharomyces cerevisiae具有延迟的银河糖代谢.
- 将S. cerevisiae GAL基因促进物移植到S. bayanus中大大增加了延迟.
- 无论是 GAL 促进物还是编码区域的变异都对表型有所贡献,编码区域在结合时会导致生长缺陷.
- S. cerevisiae GAL 基因赋予缓慢诱导和抑制的调节程序,影响葡萄糖转换期间的适应性.
结论:
- 复杂的表型的遗传映射是可以实现的,即使在深度分离的物种.
- 在S. cerevisiae中,GAL基因调节网络为复杂的特征进化提供了一个模型.
- 根据环境条件,特定的 GAL 基因基因基因既会对身体健康造成损害,也会带来好处.
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