成年人恢复Shank3表达拯救了选择性自闭症类型的表型
Yuan Mei1, Patricia Monteiro1,2,3, Yang Zhou1
1McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Nature
|February 18, 2016
概括
在成年小鼠中重新激活Shank3基因改善了突触功能,并挽救了一些与自闭症相关的行为,这表明成年大脑在神经发育障碍中的可塑性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 遗传学
- 发育生物学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,通常在三岁之前被诊断出来.
- 尚克3基因是突触结构和功能中的关键参与者,其破坏与自闭症有关.
- 研究成人自闭症病理的可逆性对于治疗的发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究Shank3在发育过程中的作用及其在成年小鼠中重新激活的潜力.
- 确定恢复成年时Shank3表达是否可以改善与Shank3缺乏相关的突触和行为缺陷.
主要方法:
- 一个新的Shank3条件敲入鼠标模型的生成.
- 在成年小鼠中重新表达Shank3基因.
- 评估突触蛋白质组成,脊柱密度和神经功能.
- 评估社会互动,重复行为,焦虑和运动协调.
主要成果:
- 在成年小鼠中,Shank3的重新表达导致了突触蛋白质组成和脊柱密度的改善.
- 在Shank3重新表达后,纹状体的神经功能得到增强.
- 社会互动缺陷和重复性理行为部分得到挽救.
- 焦虑和运动协调缺陷在成年时没有恢复.
结论:
- 发育后的Shank3表达激活显著影响成年大脑的神经功能.
- 这些发现表明成年大脑存在一定程度的可塑性,为Shank3相关疾病提供了潜在的治疗途径.
- 虽然有些缺陷是可逆的,但其他缺陷可能需要更早的干预,这凸显了神经发育障碍的复杂性.
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