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人类胚胎干细胞的衍生和分化
Ido Sagi1, Gloryn Chia2, Tamar Golan-Lev1
1The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
Nature
|March 17, 2016
概括
研究人员成功地从卵细胞中制造出人类胚胎干细胞 (ES细胞). 这些单质ES细胞保持多能性,对遗传查有用,为研究人类发育提供了新的途径.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学
- 遗传学
- 干细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 二倍体性是一种哺乳动物的基本遗传特征,平倍体细胞通常仅作为后微生物生殖细胞产生的.
- 虽然在其他哺乳动物中产生了单体胚胎干细胞 (ES),但在人类中没有报告.
研究的目的:
- 产生和表征人类ES细胞系与正常的单体型.
- 探索人类单质ES细胞用于遗传查和研究人类发育的潜力.
主要方法:
- 从单体卵细胞生成人类遗传ES细胞系.
- 在分离的半平质ES细胞中分析多能性标志物,型和基因表达.
- 在体外和体内分化潜力的评估.
主要成果:
- 成功隔离并维持正常的单体细胞系.
- 人类单体ES细胞表现出自我更新,多能性标志物,以及功能丧失遗传查的实用性.
- 观察到不同的特性,包括X染色体的差异性失活,氧化酸化基因调节的改变,基因表达的减少和细胞尺寸的缩小.
- 一个平分体的人类基因组支持所有三个胚胎胚胎层的多能和分化体细胞命运.
结论:
- 已经成功生成并维持了人类形细胞,这代表了干细胞研究的重大进步.
- 这些细胞是功能基因组学,遗传查和理解人类发展的宝贵工具.
- 尽管剂量不平衡,但单质基因组与多能性和差异化的兼容性凸显了它的稳定性.
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