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星细胞痕形成有助于中枢神经系统的轴突再生

Mark A Anderson¹, Joshua E Burda¹, Yilong Ren¹

¹Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1763, USA.

|March 31, 2016

概括

在脊髓损伤后,星细胞痕形成有助于中枢神经系统的轴突再生. 预防痕减少了再生,而生长因子促进了星球细胞的再生.

科学领域:

神经科学
复原医学
脊髓损伤研究

背景情况:

在成熟的中枢神经系统中,轴突再生受损.
传统上,星细胞痕被认为是脊髓损伤 (SCI) 后轴突再生的抑制剂.

研究的目的:

研究星球细胞痕形成在SCI后自发轴突再生中的作用.
要确定预防或去除星细胞痕是否会促进轴突的再生.
确定刺激SCI病变中的轴突再生的策略.

主要方法:

在成年小鼠中利用了三种基因向功能丧失操纵来改变星球细胞痕形成.
通过水凝储存进行持续的局部输送轴突特异性生长因子.
进行RNA测序以分析SCI病变中的基因表达.

主要成果:

预防,减轻或切除星性痕并没有通过SCI病变导致自发的轴突再生.
持续的生长因子,结合原始损伤,刺激了强大的,依赖于胺的感觉轴突重生,超越了痕形成的星体细胞.
防止星体痕的形成显著降低了这种刺激的轴突再生.
星球细胞和其他SCI病变中的细胞表达轴突增长支持分子.

结论:

与普遍认为的相反,星细胞痕形成有助于,而不是阻碍中枢神经系统的轴突再生.
针对性地提供生长因子对于刺激SCI的轴突再生至关重要.
星球细胞对SCI病变的再生环境有积极的贡献.

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