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一个tRNA基因的健康格局

Chuan Li¹, Wenfeng Qian¹, Calum J Maclean¹

¹Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 16, 2016

概括

研究人员通过分析65,000多种变异来绘制酵母基因适应性. 他们发现了有益的突变和显著的表皮病,将转移RNA (tRNA) 折叠与进化轨迹联系起来.

科学领域:

进化生物学
遗传学
生物物理

背景情况:

适应性景观对于理解进化至关重要,但由于巨大的基因型空间和测量适应性的挑战,很难绘制.
对于预测进化轨迹而言,体能景观的经验性确定是必不可少的.

研究的目的:

在高温压力下的酵母中经验性地确定单个基因tRNA的适应性.
研究单点突变和突变对对达尔文适应性的影响.
发现所观察到的基因型与适应性关系的生物物理基础.

主要方法:

使用精确的基因替代和下一代测序来创建和评估超过65,000种独特的酵母菌株.
在特定的高温挑战下对每种菌株量化达尔文适应性.
分析突变效应,包括有益的,有害的和表皮性相互作用.

主要成果:

大约1%的tRNA ((CCU)) ((Arg)) 基因单点突变是有益的,而42%是有害的.
几乎一半的突变对表现出显著的表现,主要是负偏差.
在酵母菌株适应性和正确折叠的转移RNA (tRNA) 分子的预测分数之间观察到强烈的相关性.

结论:

这项研究成功地为单个酵母基因绘制了高分辨率的健康格局.
表观相互作用在塑造健身景观方面发挥着重要作用,对于沃森-克里克配对的网站观察到特定的模式.
这些发现揭示了基因型适应关系的直接生物物理基础,将tRNA折叠与进化结果联系起来.

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