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一次注射的抗HIV-1抗体可以防止重复的SHIV感染

Rajeev Gautam¹, Yoshiaki Nishimura¹, Amarendra Pegu²

¹Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.

|April 28, 2016

概括

广泛中和抗体的被动转移提供了对的反复低剂量HIV-1挑战的有希望的保护. 一次抗体输注可防止感染长达23周,显示出HIV-1免疫预防的潜力.

科学领域:

免疫学
病毒学
疫苗学

背景情况:

尽管抗逆转录病毒疗法取得了成功,
广泛中和抗体 (bNAbs) 的被动转移显示出潜在的长期疗效,但尚未研究.
之前的研究表明,在动物模型中对单次高剂量挑战有保护作用.

研究的目的:

评估被动抗体转移对HIV-1预防的长期疗效.
评估抗体强度和半衰期对反复低剂量挑战的保护的影响.

主要方法:

对进行一次四种抗HIV-1bNAbs (VRC01,VRC01-LS,3BNC117,10-1074) 的注射.
暴露在每周一次的低剂量SHIVAD8挑战中的.
监测病毒获取和与抗体血水平和半衰期相关的保护持续时间.

主要成果:

一次bNAb输注防止了SHIVAD8获得的时间长达23周的挑战 (中位数为8-14. 5周).
与VRC01 (中位数为8周) 相比,更强的抗体 (3BNC117,10-1074) 提供了更长的保护 (中位数为13周和12.5周).
具有延长半衰期的工程VRC01变体将中位保护时间提高到14. 5周.

结论:

通过被动转移bNAbs可以对重复的低剂量HIV-1挑战提供实质性的保护.
抗体强度和延长半衰期是持续保护的关键因素.
这种免疫预防策略具有显著的潜力,可以减少高风险人群的HIV-1传播.

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