在过渡金属碳化物纳米粒子催化剂上自组装贵金属单层
Sean T Hunt1, Maria Milina1, Ana C Alba-Rubio2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 21, 2016
概括
我们使用过渡金属碳化物和高贵金属涂层开发了新的核心外纳米粒子. 这些先进的催化剂显著提高了甲醇电氧化活性和稳定性,减少了贵金属的使用.
科学领域:
- 材料科学
- 纳米技术
- 催化剂
背景情况:
- 贵金属催化剂至关重要, 但价格昂贵且容易降解.
- 开发稳定,高活性和成本效益的催化剂仍然是一个挑战.
研究的目的:
- 用高贵金属单层涂覆的新型核心外过渡金属纳米颗粒的合成和特征.
- 评估这些用于甲醇电氧化的新材料的催化性能和稳定性.
主要方法:
- 过渡金属碳化物纳米粒子在模板中的自组装.
- 通过碳化对原子薄的贵金属 (Pt,PtRu) 单层进行涂层.
- 核心外架构,尺寸和组成的特征.
- 对甲醇电氧化活性和耐久性的电化学测试.
主要成果:
- 成功合成了Ti{0.1) W{0.9) C@Pt和Ti{0.1) W{0.9) C@PtRu纳米粒子.
- 实现控制的核心外架构,粒子大小和单层覆盖.
- 与传统催化剂相比,对烧结和二氧化碳中毒的抗性更强.
- 在10,000个循环中观察到甲醇电氧化特异性活性的数量级增加.
结论:
- 开发的核心外纳米结构提供了卓越的催化性能和稳定性.
- 这种方法可以显著减少电化学应用中的贵金属负载.
- 这些发现为下一代催化剂的增强活性和耐用性铺平了道路.
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