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The Nucleolus02:55

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The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
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The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
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The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
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同时存在的液态阶段是核子子组的基础

Marina Feric1, Nilesh Vaidya1, Tyler S Harmon2

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

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通过分子成分分离,核细胞形成了不同的液态相,形成了分层. 这种由生物物理性质驱动的相分离机制解释了核蛋白 (RNP) 体的组织.

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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学
  • 生物物理
  • 分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 像核细胞这样的无膜器官通过相分离组装.
  • 在这些器官中形成的内部子区仍然不太清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 调查核体内分区形成的机制.
  • 确定相分离是否可以解释核蛋白 (RNP) 体内的内部结构.

主要方法:

  • 结合体内和体外研究.
  • 使用计算模型.
  • 分析净化的核蛋白的相分离.

主要成果:

  • 核子分区被确定为不同的,共存的液相.
  • 纯化的核蛋白在体外形成非凝聚性液相,模仿体内组织.
  • 由序列编码特征驱动的表面张力等生物物理性质的差异导致分层滴滴组织.

结论:

  • 阶段分离在核体内产生多层液体.
  • 这种机制可能会促进各种核糖蛋白 (RNP) 体中的序列RNA处理.