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社区可行性与超重,肥胖和糖尿病的变化相关
Maria I Creatore1, Richard H Glazier2, Rahim Moineddin3
1Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada2The Institute of Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada3Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
JAMA
|May 25, 2016
概括
在加拿大安大略省,可步行的城市社区与超重,肥胖和糖尿病发病率的降低有关. 这项研究表明,建筑环境设计可能在公共卫生方面发挥作用.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 城市规划
- 流行病学
背景情况:
- 肥胖和糖尿病的增长率是一个重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 建筑环境对这些健康趋势的影响需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定可步行的城市社区是否与超重,肥胖和糖尿病发病率相比较缓慢.
- 分析社区可行性与超重,肥胖和糖尿病患病率随着时间的推移之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 对安大略省南部30-64岁成年人的省级医疗保健和加拿大社区健康调查数据进行时间序列分析.
- 通过使用经过验证的指数来评估社区的可行性,并将这些区域从最低到最高的可行性分为五分之一.
- 结果包括调整过重,肥胖和糖尿病发病率,控制年龄,性别,收入和种族.
主要成果:
- 较高的社区可行性 (五分位数) 与2001年超重和肥胖的发病率较低有关,而在2001-2012年期间,与较少可行性地区不同,没有显著增加.
- 2001年至2012年间,糖尿病发病率在最适合步行 (五分位数) 和更适合步行 (四分位数) 的社区下降,而在不太适合步行的地区保持稳定.
- 较高的可行性与增加的步行,骑自行车和公共交通使用以及减少的汽车使用有关,尽管基于可行性的身体活动水平没有显著差异.
结论:
- 在加拿大安大略省增加邻居可行性,与2001-2012年超重,肥胖和糖尿病发病率的减少相关.
- 这些发现表明建筑环境在减轻肥胖和糖尿病趋势方面可能发挥作用.
- 鉴于研究的生态性质和缺乏与增加体力活动的明确联系,需要进一步的研究来确定因果关系.
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