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相关概念视频

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

10.1K
A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
10.1K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

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Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
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Mitochondrial Protein Sorting01:39

Mitochondrial Protein Sorting

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Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death.  Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

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In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
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相关实验视频

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Experimental Protocol for Detecting Mitochondrial Function in Hepatocytes Exposed to Organochlorine Pesticides
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Experimental Protocol for Detecting Mitochondrial Function in Hepatocytes Exposed to Organochlorine Pesticides

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肝脏线粒体功能系统蛋白质组学

Evan G Williams1, Yibo Wu2, Pooja Jha3

  • 1Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland. These authors contributed equally to this work.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 11, 2016
PubMed
概括

定量蛋白质组学与基因组学和代谢组学一起,揭示了线粒体在肝脏代谢中的作用. 遗传变异影响蛋白质活动,影响线粒体功能和复杂的特征.

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科学领域:

  • 生物化学
  • 遗传学
  • 系统生物学

背景情况:

  • 定量蛋白质组学方法如所有理论质谱的顺序窗口获取 (SWATH-MS) 能够进行大规模的可重复蛋白质测量.
  • 整合多组学数据 (基因组学,转录组学,蛋白质组学,代谢组学) 对于理解复杂的生物系统和特征至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 通过分析基因组,转录组,蛋白质组和代谢组数据来研究线粒体在肝脏代谢中的作用.
  • 在复杂的特征环境中识别遗传变异和分子表型之间的联系.

主要方法:

  • 用BXD小鼠参考群体 (386个个体) 来生成转基因数据.
  • 使用先进的定量蛋白质组学 (SWATH-MS),基因组学,转录组学和代谢组学分析.
  • 验证的基因变异与转录,蛋白质,代谢物和表型变化的关联.

主要成果:

  • 在基因变异和下游分子变化 (转录,蛋白质,代谢物) 之间建立了多个验证的联系.
  • 在Cox7a2l中确定了影响蛋白质活性和线粒体超复合体形成的特定序列变异.
  • 证明了全面的蛋白质组定量化作为多组学研究的重要组成部分.

结论:

  • 蛋白质组是一个关键的,可量化的层,补充了复杂的特征分析的基因组学,转录组学和代谢学.
  • 线粒体功能和超复合体形成受到遗传变异的显著影响,影响肝脏代谢.
  • 提供了一个强大的框架来剖析复杂的表型的分子基础.