相关实验视频
Updated: Jan 26, 2026

14:57
Structural Design and Manufacturing of a Cruiser Class Solar Vehicle
Published on: January 30, 2019
14.4K
自动驾驶汽车的社会困境
Jean-François Bonnefon1, Azim Shariff2, Iyad Rahwan3
1Toulouse School of Economics, Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, Center for Research in Management, CNRS, University of Toulouse Capitole, Toulouse, France.
概括
人们希望自动驾驶汽车能为他人提供实用服务, 监管自动驾驶汽车的实用选择可能会增加交通伤亡,
科学领域:
- 人工智能伦理与自主系统
- 人与计算机的交互
- 在技术上做出道德决策
背景情况:
- 自动驾驶汽车存在复杂的道德困境,特别是在不可避免的事故场景中.
- 在自动驾驶系统中需要预先定义的道德算法,这对于它们的安全和可接受部署至关重要.
- 在自动驾驶汽车编程中,平衡行人和车载人员的安全是一个重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 调查公众在关键情况下管理自动驾驶汽车决策的伦理算法.
- 在潜在的事故场景中,探索对他人所期望的AV行为与自我偏好之间的二分法.
- 评估法规执行的功用性自动化算法对公众接受和采用的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用亚马逊机械土耳其进行六项在线研究以收集参与者的回应.
- 参与者提出了需要AV做出生命或死亡决定的伦理场景.
- 分析了参与者对AV行为 (效益主义者与自我保护) 和监管方法的偏好.
主要成果:
- 参与者更喜欢为他人而牺牲乘客,但更喜欢为自己而保护自己.
- 有关强制执行实用自动驾驶法规的严重不满.
- 当实用性法规被认为是强制执行时,购买自动驾驶汽车的意愿下降.
结论:
- 公众对自动驾驶汽车的接受受到利他主义的道德理想与私利之间的冲突的影响.
- 强制使用实用算法可能会阻碍自动驾驶技术的采用,可能会通过推迟使用更安全的技术导致更多的伤亡.
- 未来的影视伦理框架必须考虑细微的公众偏好,以确保广泛和安全的实施.
相关概念视频
Ethical Dilemmas I
1.9K
Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
1.9K
Ethical Dilemmas II
2.3K
Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
2.3K
Social Proof
31.5K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
31.5K
Social Scripts
10.3K
People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
10.3K
Social Traps
26.3K
Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
26.3K
Social Facilitation
36.1K
Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
36.1K

