人体肠道微生物影响宿主血清代谢和胰岛素敏感性
Nature
|July 14, 2016
概括
人体肠道微生物通过改变血清代谢物来影响胰岛素抵抗. 像Prevotella copri这样的特定细菌可能会推动这种联系,这表明微生物对新陈代谢健康的目标.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究
- 代谢学
- 人类生理学
背景情况:
- 胰岛素抵抗是心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的前体.
- 人们越来越认识到肠道微生物对新陈代谢健康的作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究人类肠道微生物对血清代谢的影响.
- 探索肠道细菌,血清代谢物和非糖尿病人的胰岛素抵抗之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 对277名丹麦人的血清代谢和肠道微生物组合进行分析.
- 微生物基因含量,血清代谢物水平 (特别是分支链氨基酸- BCAA) 和胰岛素抵抗之间的相关性分析.
- 使用小鼠模型进行体内研究,以测试Prevotella copri的因果作用.
主要成果:
- 胰岛素耐药的个体表现出血清BCAA的升高,与富含BCAA生物合成基因的肠道微生物组有关,并且缺乏BCAA转运基因.
- 鉴定出Prevotella copri和Bacteroides vulgatus是与BCAA代谢和胰岛素抵抗相关的关键物种.
- 在小鼠中使用P. copri诱导了胰岛素耐药性,降低了葡萄糖耐受性和增加了循环中的BCAA.
结论:
- 肠道微生物组显著影响血清代谢组,并与胰岛素抵抗有关.
- 特定的细菌物种及其代谢途径,特别是P. copri的BCAA生物合成,在胰岛素抵抗中起因作用.
- 针对微生物通路提供了缓解胰岛素耐药性和相关代谢和心血管疾病的潜在策略.
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