艾滋病毒,囚犯和人权
Leonard S Rubenstein1, Joseph J Amon2, Megan McLemore3
1Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 19, 2016
概括
由于歧视性法律和医疗服务不足, 迫切需要改革以确保护理的连续性,减少监禁,保护人权和公共健康.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 人权法
- 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 全球有大量的囚犯感染艾滋病毒,结核病和肝炎.
- 歧视性法律,政策和警务实践有助于这种健康差异.
- 在拘留期间和之后, 缺乏预防,护理和治疗服务的连续性加剧了这个问题.
研究的目的:
- 突出与监狱卫生服务不足相关的人权侵犯.
- 检查监狱中实施有效的艾滋病毒,结核病,肝炎和药物依赖干预的障碍.
- 倡导刑事司法和监狱卫生系统的必要改革.
主要方法:
- 全球监狱健康差异分析.
- 审查有关健康和非歧视的国际人权法.
- 检查监狱卫生管理的政策和实践缺陷.
主要成果:
- 囚犯面临侵犯他们的健康,非歧视和人道待遇的权利.
- 监狱通常没有有效的国际卫生干预措施.
- 释放后的耻辱和社会边缘化阻碍了获得基本的健康和社会支持服务.
结论:
- 刑事法律,警察和司法制度的改革对于减少监禁率至关重要.
- 需要改善监狱卫生服务的组织和管理.
- 需要增加资源投资,以确保囚犯和前囚犯获得足够的医疗服务.
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