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用于循环瘤DNA分析的DNA离合探针

Jagotamoy Das, Ivaylo Ivanov, Edward H Sargent

¹Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3M2.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|August 12, 2016

概括

研究人员开发了一种新的检测循环瘤DNA (ctDNA) 的方法. 这一突破使得在液体活检中能够对癌症DNA进行敏感和特定的识别.

科学领域:

生物化学
分子生物学
纳米技术

背景情况:

液体活检提供了微侵袭性疾病检测.
对循环瘤DNA (ctDNA) 的分析对于癌症诊断至关重要.
目前的ctDNA检测方法缺乏敏感性和特异性,难以将瘤DNA与正常DNA区分开来.

研究的目的:

开发一种新的电化学试验,用于敏感和特定的突变ctDNA检测.
克服在血液样本中区分瘤衍生的ctDNA与野生类型DNA的挑战.
建立用于ctDNA分析的非酶增强方法.

主要方法:

使用DNA离合探头 (DCP) 选择性地暴露特定的ctDNA序列.
DCPs防止DNA重新关联并禁用非目标序列.
使用基于芯片的传感器用于电化学检测杂交事件.

主要成果:

实现了突变ctDNA的高度敏感和特定检测.
该试验可以检测与野生类型DNA相比的0.01%的向突变 (1 fg/μL突变与100 pg/μL野生类型).
在肺癌和黑色素瘤患者的样本中成功分析了ctDNA.

结论:

这项研究为首次非酶化电化学检测ctDNA.
使用DCP开发的方法显著提高了液体活检分析的准确性.
这种方法有望改善癌症的早期检测和监测.

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