无家可归者预防计划对无家可归者的影响
William N Evans1, James X Sullivan2, Melanie Wallskog3
1Department of Economics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic Opportunities, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
概括
暂时的经济援助大大降低了无家可归的风险. 研究表明, 这种援助使得家庭进入庇护所的可能性降低了76%,
科学领域:
- 社会科学
- 经济学
- 公共政策
背景情况:
- 暂时的经济援助计划旨在防止无家可归.
- 关于这些方案的有效性的证据有限.
- 这些计划的资金可用性往往不稳定.
研究的目的:
- 评估临时财政援助对防止无家可归者的影响.
- 分析资金波动对援助计划资源分配的影响.
- 估计财政援助在避免无家可归方面的成本效益.
主要方法:
- 使用来自芝加哥 (2010-2012,n=4448) 寻求援助的个人数据.
- 采用了准实验方法,比较获得资金的家庭与无法获得资金的家庭.
- 分析了无家可归者入住的可能性.
主要成果:
- 获得可用资金使无家可归者进入庇护所的可能性降低了76%.
- 通过财政援助避免一个人无家可归的费用估计为10,300美元.
- 据估计,除了与健康相关的福利, 每人超过20,000美元.
结论:
- 暂时的经济援助是预防无家可归的有效工具.
- 改善福利的定位,尤其是低收入人群,可以降低成本.
- 通过财政援助防止无家可归的社会利益大大超过了成本.
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