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相关概念视频

B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

17.8K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
17.8K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

4.0K
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
4.0K
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

11.2K
The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
11.2K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

85.7K
Overview
85.7K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

17.0K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
17.0K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

1.8K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.8K

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相关实验视频

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Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
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Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination

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适应性免疫和中枢神经系统之间的多方面的相互作用

Jonathan Kipnis1

  • 1Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 20, 2016
PubMed
概括

这篇文章探讨了中枢神经系统和免疫系统之间的复杂关系. 它强调了神经免疫学的关键问题,即免疫细胞在中枢神经系统的健康,疾病和损伤中的作用.

科学领域:

  • 神经免疫学
  • 中枢神经系统 (CNS) 研究
  • 适应性免疫

背景情况:

  • 中枢神经系统和免疫系统具有复杂的相互作用.
  • 了解这些相互作用对于恒常性疾病和神经疾病至关重要.
  • 关于中枢神经系统内的免疫细胞行为存在关键知识差距.

研究的目的:

  • 概述当前对适应性免疫和中枢神经系统相互作用的理解.
  • 确定和讨论神经免疫学中关键的未解答问题.
  • 预测未来十年该领域的研究方向.

主要方法:

  • 对神经免疫学当前科学文献的审查.
  • 对脑膜T细胞谱的多样性和特异性的现有研究进行分析.
  • 检查免疫细胞进入和进入中枢神经系统的途径.

主要成果:

  • 这项审查巩固了目前关于免疫细胞在中枢神经系统平衡和病理方面的知识.
  • 它确定了特定的挑战,包括了解脑膜T细胞多样性和免疫细胞对中枢神经系统功能的影响.
  • 突出了神经系统和免疫系统的进化相互依赖.

结论:

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Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues
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  • 关于免疫细胞的特异性,贩运和中枢神经系统的功能影响仍然存在重大问题.
  • 需要进一步的研究来阐明免疫细胞在中枢神经系统损伤和疾病中的作用.
  • 神经免疫学领域正准备在了解中枢神经系统与免疫系统的相互作用方面取得重大进展.