设计,合成和测试57个体基因组
Nili Ostrov1, Matthieu Landon2, Marc Guell3
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 20, 2016
概括
科学家通过计算设计和合成了由57个编码体组成的大肠杆菌基因组, 大多数基本基因保留了功能,证明了为合成生物学应用重新编写基因组的可行性.
科学领域:
- 合成生物学
- 基因组学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 遗传代码重新编码提供了一种设计新型基因组功能的方法.
- 大肠杆菌是基因操纵和合成生物学的一个模型生物.
研究的目的:
- 通过计算设计,合成和组装一个57个菌体的基因组.
- 用同名的替代品取代七个代码的6214个实例.
- 建立一个大型合成基因组工程的框架.
主要方法:
- 所有蛋白质编码基因的计算基因组设计和重新编码.
- 3.97兆基基因组的化学合成和组装.
- 通过功能测试验证重新编码的基因和基因组段.
- 识别和纠正致命的设计异常.
主要成果:
- 在大肠杆菌基因组中成功重新编码了62214个编码子实例.
- 验证了63%的重编码基因,其中91%的基本基因保留了功能.
- 在2229个测试的基因中, 仅发现并纠正了13个致命的设计异常.
- 在重编后的基本基因中表现出有限的适应性影响.
结论:
- 基因组重编是创造具有增强功能的人造生物的可行策略.
- 这项研究为大规模合成基因组的设计,组装和分析提供了强大的框架.
- 这项研究推动了合成生物学领域的发展,
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