m(6) 一种RNA甲基化促进XIST介导的转录抑制
Deepak P Patil1, Chun-Kan Chen2, Brian F Pickering1
1Department of Pharmacology, Weill-Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Nature
|September 8, 2016
概括
长非编码RNAXIST被RBM15/RBM15B甲基化,影响基因沉默. YTHDC1识别了这些标记,证明在转录抑制中对XIST功能至关重要.
科学领域:
- 表观遗传学
- 核糖核酸生物学
- 基因调控
背景情况:
- 长非编码RNA XIST (X无活性的特异性转录) 对于X染色体无活化和基因沉默至关重要.
- N6-甲基氨酸 (m6A) 是一种普遍存在的RNA修饰物,但其在长非编码RNA (lncRNA) 中的作用仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究m6A修饰在XIST介导的转录沉默中的作用和机制.
- 在XIST上确定参与m6A形成和识别的蛋白质.
主要方法:
- 随后进行RNA免疫沉测序 (RIP-seq) 来绘制XIST上的m6A位点.
- 使用siRNA评估RBM15,RBM15B,METTL3和YTHDC1的功能.
- 使用YTHDC1的人工绑定进行RNA结合测试和功能救援实验.
主要成果:
- 在人体细胞中,XIST含有至少78个m6A残留物.
- 通过招募m6A甲基转移酶复合体,RNA结合动机蛋白15 (RBM15) 和RBM15B在XIST和细胞mRNA上调解m6A的形成.
- 对RBM15,RBM15B或METTL3的抑制会影响XIST介导的基因沉默.
- YTHDC1优先与XIST上的m6A残留物结合,对其功能至关重要.
- 在没有m6A的情况下,YTHDC1与XIST的人工连接可以挽救静音.
结论:
- 一个涉及RBM15/RBM15B形成m6A和YTHDC1识别的新途径对于XIST介导的转录抑制至关重要.
- 这项研究阐明了m6A修饰在lncRNA调节和基因沉默中的功能意义.
相关概念视频
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
7.8K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
7.8K
Epigenetic Regulation
34.2K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
34.2K
Epigenetic Regulation
4.1K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
4.1K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
8.4K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
8.4K
RNA Stability
36.1K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
36.1K
RNA Stability
12.1K
12.1K


