大地震的局部几乎瞬间动态触发的余震
Wenyuan Fan1, Peter M Shearer2
1Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0225, USA. w3fan@ucsd.edu.
概括
大地震的动态触发,特别是表面波,通常会在300公里范围内引起早期的余震. 这一发现阐明了动态应力变化在地震余震中的作用.
科学领域:
- 地震学
- 地震科学
- 地质学
背景情况:
- 地震余震是由主要震动引起的压力变化引发的.
- 静态与动态应力触发的相对重要性是有争议的,特别是在近至中间距离.
研究的目的:
- 研究动态触发在早期余震发生中的作用.
- 识别和定位以前未被发现的大规模早期余震.
主要方法:
- 在大震后检测和定位48次早期余震 (M≥7).
- 分析发生在200秒内发生的余震,与高振幅的表面波相吻合.
- 集中在几个断层长度内的地震 (约. 这里有300公里.
主要成果:
- 确定了48个以前未知的早期大余震.
- 观察到动态触发,特别是表面波,是近中距离早期余震的常见机制.
- 证实在潜伏区和大陆边界的主要震荡, 无论故障机制 (正常,反向,冲击滑动), 可以触发这些早期的余震.
结论:
- 动态触发在促进早期余震发生方面发挥着重要作用.
- 这项研究提供了强有力的证据,
- 了解动态触发对于地震危险评估至关重要.
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