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相关概念视频

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

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Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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In vivo Reprogramming of Adult Somatic Cells to Pluripotency by Overexpression of Yamanaka Factors
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在Vivo细胞重编程:下一代

Deepak Srivastava1, Natalie DeWitt2

  • 1Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Roddenberry Stem Cell Center at Gladstone, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.

Cell
|September 10, 2016
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

直接的细胞重编程将一种细胞类型转化为另一种细胞类型, 这项技术利用发育基因网络进行体内组织修复, 尽管临床翻译需要进一步研究.

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In Vivo Direct Reprogramming of Resident Glial Cells into Interneurons by Intracerebral Injection of Viral Vectors
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Evaluation of Injury-induced Senescence and In Vivo Reprogramming in the Skeletal Muscle
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科学领域:

  • 生物技术
  • 发育生物学
  • 复原医学

背景情况:

  • 细胞重编程有助于我们更好地了解疾病和药物.
  • 早期的重编程旨在实现多能性;较新的方法实现直接的细胞对细胞转化.
  • 在发育过程中活跃的基因网络驱动表观遗传变化和细胞命运决定.

研究的目的:

  • 审查细胞重编程的进展.
  • 专注于体内再生医学的重新编程.
  • 找出治疗转化中的障碍.

主要方法:

  • 使用血统限制的转录因子和微RNA进行直接重编程.
  • 利用发育基因网络来诱导表观遗传的变化.
  • 在受损器官内探索体内重编程的潜力.

主要成果:

  • 直接重编程可以将体细胞转化为所需的细胞类型.
  • 在现场转换居住的支持细胞提供了组织再生的策略.
  • 这项技术是通过了解发育基因网络而实现的.

结论:

  • 直接的细胞重编程对再生医学具有重要意义.
  • 在体内重新编程是现场组织修复的关键范式.
  • 克服目前的障碍对于这种技术的临床应用至关重要.