在KRAS突变肺癌中,依赖XPO1的核出口是可用药物的弱点
Jimi Kim1, Elizabeth McMillan1, Hyun Seok Kim2
1Department of Cell Biology, UTSW Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
Nature
|September 30, 2016
概括
针对KRAS突变肺癌的核出口是有前途的. 抑制XPO1 (出口因1) 提供了一种合成致死策略,在选定的患者中克服YAP1-TEAD抑制剂的抵抗.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 分子生物学
- 药物发现
背景情况:
- 瘤性KRAS突变导致致命的癌症,但瘤异质性和耐药性阻碍了治疗的发展.
- 针对KRAS驱动的癌症需要了解多种机制,克服合成致死性相互作用和耐药性的局限性.
研究的目的:
- 确定KRAS突变非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 细胞的特定脆弱性.
- 研究核运输在KRAS驱动的癌症中的作用,并评估XPO1的治疗向.
主要方法:
- 使用106个人类NSCLC细胞系和39760个短干扰RNA池的多基因组数据驱动方法.
- 调查4725个生物过程, 找出对KRAS突变细胞生存至关重要的过程.
- 核出口受体XPO1 (也称为CRM1) 的化学抑制以及涉及FSTL5和YAP1的抵抗机制的分析.
主要成果:
- 核运输机制被确定为KRAS突变细胞存活的一个关键差异因素.
- 通过IκBα核积累和NFκB抑制,XPO1的化学干扰显示了与瘤性KRAS的合成致命相互作用.
- 在约17%的KRAS突变肺癌中,通过YAP1激活,FSTL5突变会产生内在抗药性,这种抗药性可以通过YAP1-TEAD抑制剂克服.
结论:
- 临床上可用的XPO1抑制剂代表了对KRAS突变肺癌患者显著的治疗策略.
- 以基因组学为指导的患者选择和YAP1-TEAD抑制剂的联合治疗对于克服耐药性和最大限度地提高治疗效果至关重要.
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