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移植的胚胎神经元融入成人的新皮质电路

Susanne Falkner¹, Sofia Grade^2,3, Leda Dimou^2,3,4

¹Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.

|November 4, 2016

概括

移植的胚胎神经元整合到成年小鼠的视觉皮质中, 成熟为功能细胞. 这些移植的神经元形成特定的连接,并表现出与宿主神经元无法区分的刺激反应.

科学领域:

神经科学
神经生物学
细胞神经科学

背景情况:

成年哺乳动物的大脑有有限的替代损伤或疾病损失的神经元的能力.
神经元移植是恢复功能的一种潜在策略, 但将新神经元整合到现有电路中仍然不清楚.

研究的目的:

研究移植到成年小鼠视觉皮层中的胚胎神经元的整合和功能成熟.
确定移植的神经元是否能够在已建立的神经回路中形成特定的连接并表现出适当的反应.

主要方法:

慢性体内两光子成像,观察神经元成熟和树突脊柱的形成.
单突触追踪用于映射附带输入到移植的神经元.
电生理记录以评估刺激选择性反应.

主要成果:

胚胎神经元成熟为金字塔细胞,在4-8周内表现出选择性树突修剪和成人类突触结构.
移植的神经元从生殖皮层路径接收了特定的,地形组织的输入,反映了宿主神经元.
随着时间的推移,移植神经元的刺激反应变得更加精细, 无法与宿主神经元区分开来.

结论:

胚胎神经元可以在整合到成人的新皮层时达到显著的特异性.
移植的神经元成功地融入现有电路,形成适当的连接和功能反应.
这项研究表明神经元移植有可能恢复成人大脑的功能.

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