在灵长类动物中缓解脊髓损伤后的步行缺陷的脑脊接口
Marco Capogrosso1,2, Tomislav Milekovic1, David Borton1,3
1Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nature
|November 11, 2016
概括
在脊髓损伤的灵长类动物中, 一种新型的脑脊界面恢复了行走能力. 这项技术直接将大脑信号与脊髓刺激联系起来,
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 生物医学工程
- 康复科学
背景情况:
- 脊髓损伤会破坏大脑与肌肉之间的交流, 损害运动功能.
- 通过将皮质活动与肌肉刺激联系起来,
- 在复制复杂的肌肉激活模式方面面临挑战.
研究的目的:
- 在脊髓损伤后开发和测试用于恢复腿部运动的脑脊界面.
- 研究直接连接腿部运动皮层活动与外周脊髓刺激的有效性.
- 建立一个无线的实时系统来控制非人类灵长类动物的运动.
主要方法:
- 在腿部运动皮质内植入内皮层微电极和外周脊髓刺激系统.
- 开发了用于实时神经解码运动状态的无线控制系统 (屈曲/延伸),并将其与刺激协议联系起来.
- 创建了一个单边的脊髓损伤来模拟脊髓损伤.
主要成果:
- 大脑与脊柱的接口成功地恢复了腿在跑步机上和地面上的运动.
- 在受伤后六天就恢复了运动,
- 这种系统使非人类灵长类动物能够自由,无束地移动.
结论:
- 脑脊接口可以有效地缓解非人类灵长类的脊髓损伤造成的步行缺陷.
- 开发的技术证明了人类临床研究的实用转化途径.
- 这种方法为患者恢复行走功能提供了一个有前途的策略.
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