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生物周期和月球周期适应的基因组基础

Tobias S Kaiser^1,2,3, Birgit Poehn^1,3, David Szkiba²

¹Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9/4, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.

|November 22, 2016

概括

自然遗传变异影响海洋的生物时钟. 研究人员发现,/卡尔莫杜林依赖激酶II.1 (CaMKII.1) 拼接的差异驱动了这些独特的昼夜时间型.

科学领域:

时间生物学
基因组学
进化生物学

背景情况:

有机体拥有内生时钟来预测环境周期,如白天和潮.
在分子层面上,表现时间或生理学的自然变化 (chronotypes) 并未得到充分理解.
海克鲁尼奥海表现出昼夜和月球的生殖时间.

研究的目的:

为了研究克鲁尼奥海洋生物的分子基础.
找出对特定菌株的时间差异负责的遗传适应.
探索/卡尔莫杜林依赖激酶II.1 (CaMKII.1) 在昼夜节律中的作用.

主要方法:

来自不同地理位置的五种Clunio marinus菌株的基因组测序.
定量特征位点 (QTL) 映射用于循环和昼夜时间型.
对基因变异及其与CaMKII.1结合变异的分析.
在Drosophila melanogaster和Clunio marinus中进行功能测试以评估CaMKII.1的活性.

主要成果:

在Clunio marinus种群中发现了显著的菌株特异性遗传适应.
一个与昼夜时间类型密切相关的特定基因组区域被绘制.
在该地区,CaMKII.1结合变体的丰度呈现出菌株特异性差异.
发现C. marinus CaMKII.1可以调节昼夜蛋白Cma- CLOCK和Cma- CYCLE的转录活性.

结论:

CaMKII.1 的替代拼接是自然适应昼夜时间的关键机制.
CaMKII.1 拼接中的遗传变异有助于自然种群中的多样化年代型.
这项研究为生物钟的进化提供了分子洞察力.

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