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携带致病性线粒体DNA突变的人类卵细胞中的线粒体替代
Eunju Kang1,2, Jun Wu3, Nuria Marti Gutierrez1,2
1Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health &Science University, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
Nature
|December 6, 2016
概括
线粒体替代疗法 (MRT) 可以防止儿童继承衰弱的线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 突变. 受复制效率和特定多态性影响的供体mtDNA兼容性对于胚胎干细胞的稳定维护至关重要.
科学领域:
- 遗传学
- 生殖医学
- 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 母亲遗传的线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 突变导致严重的儿童综合征,疾病严重程度与异质体水平有关.
- 在美国,每年约有778名儿童患有致病mtDNA突变,这凸显了预防策略的必要性.
- 线粒体替代疗法 (MRT) 的目的是通过替代母体的mtDNA来防止这些突变的传播.
研究的目的:
- 在受常见线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 综合征影响的家庭中评估线粒体替代疗法 (MRT) 的结果.
- 在MRT后研究捐赠体mtDNA在胚胎干细胞 (ES细胞) 的稳定性和维持性.
- 确定影响捐赠者mtDNA兼容性的因素,并提出MRT的匹配范式.
主要方法:
- 在患有mtDNA综合征的胚胎中,用母体mtDNA替换了捐赠者的mtDNA.
- 胚胎干细胞 (ES细胞) 来自产生的胚胎,以评估供体mtDNA的稳定性.
- 分析mtDNA相互作用,复制效率和遗传多态性以确定兼容性因素.
主要成果:
- 螺旋转移成功地替代了母体mtDNA,在产生的胚胎中达到>99%的捐赠mtDNA.
- 在大多数衍生ES细胞系中,捐赠者的mtDNA保持稳定,但有些人呈现逐渐的损失和逆转到母细胞类型.
- mtDNA兼容性似乎与复制效率和特定的多态性有关 (例如,在D循环的保存序列框II中),而不是简单的不匹配或氧化酸化功能.
结论:
- 线粒体替代疗法在替代突变的母体mtDNA方面是有效的,但供体mtDNA的长期稳定性至关重要.
- 特定的mtDNA多态影响复制效率,并赋予细胞生长优势,影响捐赠者mtDNA的兼容性.
- 基于选择兼容的捐赠者mtDNA的匹配范式,考虑复制效率和多态性,为成功的MRT提出.
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