一个巨大的静止星系,红移值为2.1
Mariska Kriek1, Charlie Conroy2, Pieter G van Dokkum3
1Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
大型圆星系在宇宙早期形成了大多数恒星. 研究一个红移z=2.1的星系发现了高与铁的比率 ([Mg/Fe]),表明了早期的快速恒星形成.
科学领域:
- 星系的宇宙演变
- 恒星核合成和化学丰富
背景情况:
- 大型圆星系主要是在宇宙早期形成的恒星,与银河系这样的螺旋星系不同.
- 星系光谱中的与铁的比率 ([Mg/Fe]) 衡量了早期恒星形成的持续时间,反映了超新星的丰富.
- 之前在遥远星系进行的[Mg/Fe]测量有很大的不确定性,限制了关于早期恒星形成的结论.
研究的目的:
- 精确测量一个巨大的静止星系中[Mg/Fe]的丰富度在早期的宇宙时代 (z=2.1).
- 限制大质量星系的恒星形成时间,
- 将早期大质量星系的化学丰富与当地星系和银河系的恒星进行比较.
主要方法:
- 获取了一个巨大的静止星系在红移z=2.1的深光谱.
- 分析的光谱使用全光谱匹配技术进行精确的丰度测量.
- 从光谱数据中测量与铁的比率 ([Mg/Fe]).
主要成果:
- 测量[Mg/Fe] = 0.59 ± 0.11 对于z=2.1,这是迄今为止发现的大质量星系的最高值.
- 这个[Mg/Fe]值是今天观察到的类似质量的星系的两倍.
- 丰富度模式表明仅由核心崩的超新星和0.10.5亿年的恒星形成时间表来丰富.
结论:
- 研究的星系经历了极快的早期恒星形成,与短时间形成一致.
- 它的化学含量与银河系的第二种星系相似.
- 大规模的星系在z=2.1是宇宙中最有活力的恒星形成系统之一,每年的恒星形成速度为6003000太阳质量.
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