欧洲灰树的基因序列和遗传多样性
Elizabeth S A Sollars1,2, Andrea L Harper3, Laura J Kelly1
1School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
Nature
|December 27, 2016
概括
灰死,是由Hymenoscyphus fraxineus引起的,威胁着欧洲的灰树. 这项研究对灰基因组进行了测序,确定了耐病性的遗传标记,并发现英国可能普遍存在感受性降低.
科学领域:
- 基因组学
- 植物病理学
- 森林管理
背景情况:
- 在欧洲,灰树 (Fraxinus) 面临着灰死 (Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) 的破坏,在北美,则面临着绿灰 (Agrilus planipennis) 的破坏.
- 了解灰树的遗传学对于制定应对这些威胁的策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 测序和注释Fraxinus excelsior的基因组,以确定影响灰回归易感性的遗传因素.
- 开发改善的抗病基因标记物,并评估它们在英国灰种群中的流行程度.
主要方法:
- 一个Fraxinus excelsior树的基因组测序和注释.
- 与其他十种植物进行基因组比较分析.
- 对37F. excelsior树进行重新测序和种群遗传学分析.
- 重新分析关联转录组数据以确定耐药性标记.
- 英国和丹麦人口中的标志物流行率调查.
主要成果:
- 标注了38852个蛋白质编码基因,其中25%被确定为灰特异性.
- 有证据表明,与欧菌有共同的全基因组重复事件.
- 鉴定了改善的遗传标记,使得灰的敏感性降低.
- 与丹麦相比,大不列颠的感受性可能更广泛.
- 树木对Hymenoscyphus fraxineus的敏感性与虹膜糖化物水平有关.
结论:
- Fraxinus excelsior基因组为了解灰树的生物学和抗病能力提供了宝贵的资源.
- 已发现的基因标志物有助于培育更有弹性的树.
- 在英国可能更容易受到灰死亡的影响,这为缓解工作提供了希望.
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