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人体肠道微生物群的主要成员获取营养的结构基础

Amy J Glenwright¹, Karunakar R Pothula², Satya P Bhamidimarri³

¹Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.

|January 13, 2017

概括

肠道微生物群中的细菌外膜输送器 (SusCD) 使用一种新的"踏板箱"机制来输入营养. 这一发现为人与微生物的共生和营养摄取提供了关键的见解.

科学领域:

微生物学
结构生物学
生物化学

背景情况:

结肠微生物群对人类健康和营养起着至关重要的作用.
细菌群的成员使用多糖利用位点降解食糖,如粉利用系统 (sus).
外膜进口依赖于SusC类运输体和SusD类脂蛋白,形成具有很大程度上未知的功能的SusCD复合体.

研究的目的:

通过SusCD复合体在Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron中透过外膜进行营养转移的机制.
确定由这些重要细菌载体介导的基质进口的结构基础.

主要方法:

用X射线结晶学来获得两个不同的SusCD复合物的高分辨率结构.
分子动力学模拟分析蛋白质动力学和基质转移.
单通道电生理学研究传送器活动.

主要成果:

SusC 转运体形成同质体,每个原质体被 SusD 覆盖,在接口上创建一个连接体结合腔.
发现了一个"踏板箱"机制,SusD经历了类似链的运动,暴露了细胞外基质的结合部位.
在SusC-SusD接口发生在一个大,溶剂排除的腔内.

结论:

这项研究揭示了细菌外膜SusCD复合物的营养进口新型"踏板箱"机制.
这些发现为肠道细菌如何获取营养提供了机械的洞察力,这对于理解人与微生物的共生至关重要.
结构和动态数据为未来关于基质特异性和传送器监管的研究提供了基础.

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