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PLA2G16代表了Picornaviridae的进入和清除之间的切换

Jacqueline Staring¹, Eleonore von Castelmur¹, Vincent A Blomen¹

¹Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

|January 13, 2017

概括

研究人员发现PLA2G16酶对于皮科纳病毒将其基因组输入宿主细胞至关重要. 这一发现揭示了病毒感染的新阶段,病毒必须克服细胞防御机制以复制.

科学领域:

病毒学
细胞生物学
主体与病原体的相互作用

背景情况:

皮科纳病毒引起人类和动物的重大疾病.
虽然已知受体结合,但细胞质基因组传递的机制尚不清楚.
促进这一过程的宿主因素在很大程度上未被确定.

研究的目的:

确定皮科纳病毒基因组进入细胞质的重要宿主因素.
阐明已识别的宿主因子在病毒生命周期中的特定作用.
了解病毒进入机制与宿主细胞防御途径之间的相互作用.

主要方法:

用全基因组的单双基因选来识别宿主因素.
进行了功能性测试以确定PLA2G16在病毒感染中的作用.
进行了抑制器查,以确定抵消细胞机制.

主要成果:

脂质修饰酶A2组16 (PLA2G16) 被确定为一个关键的皮科纳病毒宿主因子.
需要PLA2G16进行病毒介导的基因组输入细胞质,这与细胞结合或内体贩运不同.
发现透内体的传感器 Galectin-8 能够调解清除,而 PLA2G16 则能促进基因组转移并阻止清除.

结论:

PLA2G16在使皮科纳病毒基因组释放到宿主细胞细胞质中发挥着至关重要的作用.
病毒的进入触发了竞争的途径:一个孔激活的清除机制和PLA2G16的招募基因组传递.
这项研究揭示了皮科纳病毒感染期间病毒基因组转移和宿主病原体相互作用的新机制.

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