适应寒冷的藻 Fragilariopsis cylindrus 的进化基因组学
Thomas Mock1, Robert P Otillar2, Jan Strauss1
1School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
Nature
|January 17, 2017
概括
南洋藻,Fragilariopsis圆柱体,显示显著的基因组分离. 这些独特的遗传变异可能解释了它们适应南极极的极端,波动的环境.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学
- 基因组学
- 生态学
背景情况:
- 南洋是一个重要的海洋生态系统,主要产量由藻所主导.
- 原子光合作用受到低铁,可变光和海冰范围的限制.
- 藻适应这些极端条件的机制在很大程度上还未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究适应寒冷的藻 Fragilariopsis 圆柱体的基因组进化.
- 将F. cylindrus的基因组与温带藻类进行比较,以确定适应性特征.
- 了解遗传差异如何促进南洋的生存.
主要方法:
- 整个基因组测序和Fragilariopsis的比较基因组学.
- 具有高度分离的等位基因的分析.
- 在各种环境压力因素下的基因表达差异分析 (黑暗,低铁,结,温度升高,CO2增加).
主要成果:
- 大约24.7%的F. cylindrus基因组包含高度分歧的基因位点 (15.1 Mb).
- 这些异位基因表现出条件依赖的表达,对环境变化做出反应.
- 最强的条件依赖表达与高非同义到同义的核酸替代率相关,表明选择多样化.
结论:
- Fragilariopsis cylindrus具有具有显著的等位基因分歧的基因组,可能是由强大的选择压力形成的.
- 不同的等位基在藻适应动态的南洋环境中起着至关重要的作用.
- 这种遗传可塑性使藻可以在极端的季节和环境波动下壮成长.
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