MATRILINEAL是一种精子特异性脂酶,可触发玉米的平分体诱导
Timothy Kelliher1, Dakota Starr1, Lee Richbourg1
1Seeds Research, Syngenta Crop Protection, 9 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
Nature
|January 24, 2017
概括
研究人员发现马特里林基因 (MTL) 的突变导致了玉米的平分体诱导. 这一发现可能会带来新的方法,通过增强的双倍繁殖来加速作物繁殖.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学
- 生殖生物学
- 农作物科学
背景情况:
- 植物的性繁殖依赖于双重受精.
- 通过修复基因组来加速植物繁殖,但通常需要昂贵的组织培养.
- 在玉米中存在的体内双倍倍系统是有限的,其机制是不清楚的.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明玉米中单质诱导的遗传基础.
- 为了识别背后的单质诱导的分子机制.
- 探索开发新型体内单质诱导系统的潜力.
主要方法:
- 精细地绘制和测序玉米的基因组.
- 基因补充和基因编辑.
- 花粉RNA序列分析和蛋白质定位研究.
主要成果:
- 在花粉特异性脂酶基因MATRILINEAL (MTL) 中的一个框架转移突变被确定为平分体诱导的触发因子.
- 在MTL中进行的新编辑导致了6.7%的单体诱导率.
- 野生类型的MTL蛋白定位在精子细胞质中,并且在诱导过程中过度表达特定的花粉基因.
结论:
- 在玉米中, MATRILINEAL (MTL) 基因对平分体诱导至关重要.
- 了解MTL的作用为开发高效的体内双倍倍系统开辟了道路.
- 这一发现有可能加速玉米和其他谷物作物的育种计划.
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