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竞争性抑制电路用于选择主动和被动的恐惧反应
Jonathan P Fadok1, Sabine Krabbe1, Milica Markovic1,2
1Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
Nature
|January 25, 2017
概括
在小鼠中,主动和被动的恐惧反应由中枢桃体 (CEA) 中不同的相互抑制神经元控制. 皮质热素释放因子 (CRF+) 神经元驱动飞行,而体静止素阳性神经元 (SOM+) 则启动结.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 行为生物学
- 分子精神病学
背景情况:
- 生物的生存取决于选择适当的积极或被动对威胁的反应.
- 结是一种被动恐惧反应,在动物中进行了研究,但也会出现积极的逃跑反应.
- 中枢桃体 (CEA) 对于恐惧反应至关重要,在结中已知作用,但在飞行中未知作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究中枢桃体 (CEA) 在飞行行为中介的作用.
- 了解神经元回路如何在CEA中进行主动 (飞行) 和被动 (结) 恐惧反应.
- 为了确定CEA中涉及恐惧驱动飞行和结的特定神经元群.
主要方法:
- 使用体内光遗传学来操纵特定细胞类型的神经元活动.
- 在小鼠模型中使用已识别的细胞类型的细胞外记录.
- 开发了一种行为模式, 让老鼠在冷和飞行之间切换.
主要成果:
- 主动和被动的恐惧反应是由CEA内不同的相互抑制的神经元群体介导的.
- 皮质释因子阳性 (CRF+) 神经元介导受条件的飞行行为.
- 索马托斯坦素阳性 (SOM+) 神经元启动被动结行为,CRF+和SOM+神经元之间的局部抑制调节了飞行和结之间的平衡.
结论:
- 主动与被动恐惧反应的选择是由CEA中不同抑制神经元群体之间的竞争相互作用决定的.
- 这种电路模式可以快速灵活地选择对威胁的行为反应.
- 确定皮质热素释放因子 (CRF+) 和体静止素阳性 (SOM+) 神经元分别是飞行和结的关键参与者.
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