地中海饮食改善了高密度脂蛋白的功能,心血管风险较高的人:随机对照试验
Álvaro Hernáez1, Olga Castañer1, Roberto Elosua1
1From Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (A.H., O.C., R.d.l.T, M. Fitó) and Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Research Group (R. Elosua), REGICOR Study Group, and Human Pharmacology and Neurosciences Research Group (R.d.l.T.), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; PhD Program in Food Sciences and Nutrition (A.H.) and Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy (M.C.L.-S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (A.H., O.C., X.P., R. Estruch, J.S.-S., D.C., F.A., L.S.-M., M. Fiol, M.O.-C., E.R., M.A.M.-G., R.d.l.T., M.C.L.-S., M. Fitó); Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (X.P.); Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Spain (R. Estruch, E.R.); Human Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (J.S.-S.); Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidad de Valencia, Spain (D.C.); Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Álava, Vitoria, Spain (F.A.); Department of Clinical Sciences, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain (L.S.-M.); Hospital Son Espases, and Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M. Fiol); Department of Family Medicine, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Centro de Salud Las Palmeritas, Spain (M.O.-C.); and Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (M.A.M.-G.).
传统的地中海饮食 (TMD),特别是添加初橄油,可以增强高密度脂蛋白 (HDL) 的功能. 这种饮食模式改善了HDL
科学领域:
- 心血管健康
- 营养科学
- 脂肪新陈代谢
背景情况:
- 高密度脂蛋白 (HDL) 在心脏保护中起着至关重要的作用,不仅仅是胆固醇水平.
- 之前使用单抗氧化剂的干预措施显示HDL功能得到了有限的改善.
- 对抗氧化剂丰富的饮食和HDL功能的长期大规模试验缺乏.
研究的目的:
- 评估传统的地中海饮食对人类的HDL功能的影响.
- 为了比较使用初橄油 (TMD-VOO) 和坚果 (TMD-Nuts) 丰富的TMD与低脂肪饮食的效果.
- 研究TMD如何影响逆胆固醇运输,抗氧化特性和HDL的血管扩张能力.
主要方法:
- 在1年干预后,来自PREDIMED研究的随机分样 (n=296) 参与了该研究.
- 干预组包括TMD-VOO (n=100),TMD-坚果 (n=100) 和低脂肪对照饮食 (n=96).
- 评估了HDL在逆胆固醇运输中的作用,抗氧化能力,氧化物释放,氧化状态和粒子组成.
主要成果:
- 这两种TMD显著增加胆固醇排放能力.
- TMD-VOO降低了胆固醇转移蛋白的活性,并增强了HDL的胆固醇化能力.
- TMD干预改善了HDL的抗氧化特性,血管扩张能力和氧化状态,增加了大型HDL颗粒.
结论:
- 传统的地中海饮食,特别是当富含初橄油时,可以明显改善HDL的动脉保护功能.
- 这些改善与增强的HDL氧化状态和组成有关.
- 这项研究提供了饮食模式对人类HDL功能有益影响的证据.
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