来自脂肪的循环miRNAs调节其他组织中的基因表达
Thomas Thomou1, Marcelo A Mori2, Jonathan M Dreyfuss3,4
1Section on Integrative Physiology &Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Nature
|February 16, 2017
概括
脂肪组织释放出调节新陈代谢的外体微RNA (miRNA). 在小鼠中恢复脂肪组织改善了葡萄糖耐受性,降低了FGF21,表明外体miRNA作为新型脂肪素.
科学领域:
- 代谢调节
- 分子生物学
- 内分泌学
背景情况:
- 脂肪组织对能量稳定和通过脂肪素进行代谢控制至关重要.
- 外体微RNAs (miRNAs) 参与细胞间通信.
- 脂肪组织的失调与代谢障碍有关.
研究的目的:
- 研究脂肪组织衍生的外体miRNAs在代谢调节中的作用.
- 确定脂肪组织的外体miRNA是否可以作为信号分子.
- 探索脂肪组织衍生的外体的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 产生的脂肪组织特异性Dicer淘汰 (ADicerKO) 鼠标.
- 使用了对人类相关的脂质变异患者数据.
- 进行脂肪组织移植实验.
- 使用正常和ADicerKO血清外体.
- 评估葡萄糖耐受性和肝脏Fgf21表达.
- 在体内使用miRNA转移模型.
主要成果:
- 在ADicerKO小鼠和脂质营养不良患者中,出血体miRNA的循环减少.
- 在ADicerKO小鼠中,脂肪组织移植恢复了循环miRNA水平,改善了葡萄糖耐受性.
- 移植还减少了肝脏Fgf21mRNA和循环中的FGF21.
- 正常的血清外体,但不是ADicerKO外体,模仿了这些基因调节效应.
- 在体内 miRNA 转移显示出异体 miRNA 活动在远处的组织之间.
结论:
- 脂肪组织是循环外体miRNA的重要来源.
- 这些外体miRNAs作为信号分子,调节远处器官的基因表达.
- 外体 miRNA 是一种新型的基因,对代谢疾病具有潜在的治疗意义.
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