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胰腺神经内分泌瘤的全基因组景观
Aldo Scarpa1,2, David K Chang3,4,5,6,7, Katia Nones8,9
1ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy.
Nature
|February 16, 2017
概括
胰腺神经内分泌瘤 (PanNETs) 的基因组分析揭示了MUTYH,CHEK2和BRCA2等DNA修复基因的频繁基因突变. 这些发现对于理解PanNET病变和改善临床管理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 遗传学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 胰腺神经内分泌瘤 (PanNETs) 的诊断因检测能力提高而增加,这给临床管理带来了挑战.
- 了解PanNET的基因组基础对于有针对性的治疗和改善患者的结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过全基因组测序定义驱动PanNET病变的基因组事件.
- 确定主要的突变特征和主要PanNET中受影响的途径.
主要方法:
- 102个主要PanNET的全基因组测序.
- 分析突变特征,包括基因切除修复缺陷.
- 在关键癌症相关基因中识别生殖系和体质突变.
- 基因表达分析以确定瘤子组.
主要成果:
- 鉴定出由于MUTYH的失活而导致的基切除修复缺陷.
- 临床上零星的PanNETs显示出DNA修复基因 (MUTYH,CHEK2,BRCA2) 和MEN1,VHL中的生殖基因突变的显著比例.
- 身体突变通常会影响染色体重塑,DNA损伤修复,mTOR信号传递 (包括EWSR1融合) 和端粒维护途径.
- 通过基因表达分析确定了一组与缺氧和HIF信号相关的瘤.
结论:
- 在PanNET中,DNA修复和瘤抑制基因的生殖基因突变比以前更为普遍.
- 泛网病变包括染色体重塑,DNA修复,mTOR信号传递和端粒维护的破坏.
- 鉴定到的基因组变化为PanNET的发展和潜在的治疗目标提供了洞察力.
相关概念视频
Tumor Progression
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
The Tumor Microenvironment
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Tumor Progression
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
The Tumor Microenvironment
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas
The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
Pancreas
The pancreas, an essential organ in the human body, is a pinkish-gray elongated structure located posterior to the stomach. It extends laterally from the duodenum towards the spleen and is firmly bound to the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity. The organ's surface has a lumpy, lobular texture that gives it a unique appearance.
The broad head of the pancreas lies within the loop formed by the duodenum, while its slender body reaches towards the spleen. The tail of the pancreas is short and...
The broad head of the pancreas lies within the loop formed by the duodenum, while its slender body reaches towards the spleen. The tail of the pancreas is short and...

