HSP90影响人类遗传变异的后果
Georgios I Karras1, Song Yi2, Nidhi Sahni2
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Cell
|February 21, 2017
概括
热冲击蛋白90 (HSP90) 通过调节突变蛋白的功能来影响人类遗传疾病的严重程度. 增加的HSP90结合与较轻的症状相关,为疾病变异提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学
- 人类遗传学
- 生物化学
背景情况:
- 热冲击蛋白90 (HSP90) 是一种已知缓冲模型生物中的遗传变异效应的分子伴侣蛋白.
- 它在调节人类遗传疾病的临床表现中的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查HSP90是否影响人类遗传疾病的表型严重性.
- 探索HSP90可能改变疾病后果的机制.
主要方法:
- 对大量 (> 1,500) 致病突变物进行分析.
- 深入检查Fanconi贫血 (FA) 患者的数据,重点关注FANCA蛋白的功能.
- 评估HSP90抑制和发烧温度对突变蛋白质稳定性和功能的影响.
主要成果:
- 在减少疾病严重性和增加对HSP90突变蛋白的结合之间观察到显著的相关性 (HSP90 ≥HSP70).
- 在Fanconi贫血中,主要通过HSP70结合的突变体表现出严重的功能损害,而通过HSP90结合的突变体则保留了功能.
- HSP90抑制或热应激破坏了HSP90缓冲突变,恶化了FA相关的化学敏感性.
- 在单胞双胞胎FA患者体内发生的突变预防了贫血并减少了HSP90结合.
结论:
- HSP90作为一个关键的缓冲剂,影响人类遗传疾病的临床表现.
- 突变蛋白与HSP90或HSP70的差异性结合决定了功能结果和疾病的严重程度.
- 这些发现阐明了基因疾病中可变表达性和环境敏感性的机制.
相关概念视频
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu
76
Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
76
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants
67
The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
67
Molecular Chaperones and Protein Folding
20.6K
The native conformation of a protein is formed by interactions between the side chains of its constituent amino acids. When the amino acids cannot form these interactions, the protein cannot fold by itself and needs chaperones. Notably, chaperones do not relay any additional information required for the folding of polypeptides; the native conformation of a protein is determined solely by its amino acid sequence. Chaperones catalyze protein folding without being a part of the folded protein.
The...
The...
20.6K
Human Genetics
1.8K
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
1.8K
Mismatch Repair
6.8K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
6.8K
Mismatch Repair
44.3K
Overview
44.3K


