通过CRISPR/Cas9将CAR向TRAC位点,可以增强瘤排斥
Justin Eyquem1, Jorge Mansilla-Soto1, Theodoros Giavridis1
1Center for Cell Engineering and Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Nature
|February 23, 2017
概括
通过CRISPR/Cas9基因组编辑,可以精确地将仿真抗原受体 (CAR) 传递到TRAC位点,从而增强T细胞的功效,并改善B细胞恶性瘤的结果.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 分子生物学
- 基因治疗
背景情况:
- 针对CD19的化学抗原受体 (CAR) 在B细胞恶性瘤中具有前景.
- 传统的CAR T细胞生成涉及随机集成,有风险的瘤发生和变异性表达.
- 基因组编辑为更安全,更有效的CAR-T细胞疗法提供了有针对性的基因传递.
研究的目的:
- 通过CRISPR/Cas9基因组编辑,研究将CD19特异性CARs导向T细胞受体α常数 (TRAC) 位点的有效性和安全性.
- 将 TRAC 向的 CAR T 细胞与传统生成的 CAR T 细胞的性能进行比较.
主要方法:
- 利用CRISPR/Cas9基因组编辑将CD19特异性CAR插入人体外围血液T细胞的TRAC位点.
- 在急性淋巴细胞白血病的小鼠模型中评估了CAR表达,T细胞功效和体内抗瘤活性.
- 评估了CAR信号,抗原诱导的内化和T细胞分化和疲劳动力学.
主要成果:
- 与传统的CAR T细胞相比,针对TRAC的CAR T细胞表现为均的CAR表达和增强的抗白血病功效.
- 将CAR定位到TRAC位点阻止了强化CAR信号,并在暴露于抗原后允许有效的CAR再表达.
- 被TRAC向的CAR T细胞表现出延迟的效应T细胞分化和消耗,这表明其持续性和功能有所改善.
结论:
- 通过CRISPR/Cas9编辑将CAR向TRAC位点,代表了对B细胞恶性瘤的CART细胞治疗的重大进展.
- 这种方法增强T细胞的功效,通过避免致癌风险提高安全性,并可能延长治疗效果.
- 这些发现突出了精确基因组编辑的潜力,以优化CAR T细胞免疫生物学并克服当前治疗的局限性.
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