合成酵母基因组的设计
Sarah M Richardson1,2, Leslie A Mitchell2,3, Giovanni Stracquadanio1,2,4
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 11, 2017
概括
科学家们设计了一种基于Saccharomyces cerevisiae的合成真核基因组Sc2.0,通过广泛的修改将其大小减少了8%. 这种可定制的基因组使得对染色体结构,功能和进化进行新的研究.
科学领域:
- 合成生物学
- 基因组学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 细菌菌的基因组是真核生物基因组研究的模型.
- 之前的基因组工程工作规模和范围有限.
- 需要一个完全合成的可定制的真核基因组来解决复杂的生物学问题.
研究的目的:
- 描述一个合成真核基因组的 Sc2.0 的完整设计.
- 证明BioStudio框架对大规模基因组工程的有用性.
- 能够对染色体结构,功能和进化进行新的研究.
主要方法:
- 使用BioStudio,一个用于真核生物基因组设计的开源框架.
- 在核酸和基因组尺度上实施基因组修改,并进行版本控制.
- 将单独合成的染色体合并为单一的菌株,并通过相互复制.
主要成果:
- 一个合成的真核基因组,Sc2.0,被设计了显著的修改.
- Sc2.0基因组的大小减少了近8% (改变了1.1兆基).
- 生物工作室框架有效地协调复杂的基因组设计修改.
结论:
- 合成基因组Sc2.0代表了真核生物基因组工程的重大进展.
- 这种可定制的基因组为研究基本生物学问题提供了强大的平台.
- 这种自下而上的设计策略促进了染色体生物学和进化方面的新研究.
相关概念视频
02:55Synthetic Biology
5.7K
Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
5.7K
01:28Yeast Signaling
18.3K
Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
18.3K