在小鼠中促进兴奋的呼吸控制中心神经元
Kevin Yackle1, Lindsay A Schwarz2, Kaiwen Kam3,4
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 1, 2017
概括
研究人员发现大脑干中特定的神经元控制呼吸. 激活这些神经元会促进平静的行为,
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 呼吸系统生理学
- 行为生物学
背景情况:
- 控制呼吸历来被认为具有镇静效果,
- 精确的神经机制连接呼吸到更高层次的大脑功能,如兴奋和情绪调节, 仍然在很大程度上未被阐明.
研究的目的:
- 研究呼吸与大脑活动之间的神经基础.
- 确定参与平静和兴奋状态之间的平衡的特定神经元群体.
主要方法:
- 在成年小鼠中使用条件双边基因切除以向特定的神经元亚群.
- 在preBötzinger复合体 (preBötC) 中集中在~175个Cdh9/Dbx1双正神经元.
- 评估神经元剥离对呼吸模式和行为状态 (平静与兴奋) 的影响.
- 研究了神经元投射和突触连接到部.
主要成果:
- 在BötC前,Cdh9/ Dbx1神经元的切除并没有改变基线呼吸.
- 有神经元被切除的小鼠表现出更加平静的行为, 减少了在兴奋状态中度过的时间.
- 这些特异性的preBötC神经元向位于神经位的诺拉德尼基神经元发射并对其进行积极调节.
结论:
- 一个独特的preBötC神经元子群 (Cdh9/Dbx1阳性) 在调节平静和兴奋之间的平衡中起着至关重要的作用.
- 这些神经元通过它们的调节,影响神经元的兴奋.
- 这些发现为呼吸如何影响精神状态和兴奋提供了神经基础.
相关概念视频
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Overview
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01:25Smooth Muscle Contraction
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01:18Neural Control of Respiration
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Central Control
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Central Control
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