新生儿营养方面的进步
Jane E Harding1, Barbara E Cormack2, Tanith Alexander3
1Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 27, 2017
概括
优化早产婴儿的营养对于生长和发育至关重要. 需要更多的研究来确定婴儿营养的最佳实践,特别是对于极早产的婴儿,以改善长期结果.
科学领域:
- 新生儿学
- 儿童营养
- 儿童发育医学
背景情况:
- 过早生育的婴儿,尤其是极度过早生育的婴儿, 需要大量的营养,
- 过早生长的婴儿与神经发育和认知表现不佳有关.
- 虽然改善早期生长可能有利于认知,但与代谢结果的潜在权衡需要调查.
研究的目的:
- 审查新生儿营养的最新进展,特别是早产婴儿.
- 发现有关当前营养建议和新兴干预措施的高质量证据缺口.
- 突出未来临床研究领域以优化婴儿生长和长期健康.
主要方法:
- 关于早产婴儿营养的最新发展,包括蛋白质供应,肠道脂质和矿物质补充.
- 讨论需要对感官体验 (牛奶的味道/气味),性别特定的养和激素补充剂 (胰岛素,IGF-1) 进行临床试验.
- 对中晚期早产婴儿和早产婴儿的营养挑战进行分析,并注意到证据的局限性.
主要成果:
- 目前早产婴儿的营养策略包括增加蛋白质,改善脂质配方和矿物质补充剂,
- 支持这些新发展的风险和益处的高质量证据有限.
- 对于中期至晚期早产和早产婴儿的基于证据的营养指南存在重大差距.
结论:
- 优先研究早产婴儿的有效营养对于改善长期代谢和发育结果至关重要.
- 需要进行进一步的临床试验,以确定最佳的养策略,并评估新的干预措施.
- 应对所有早产和满期婴儿的营养问题需要更强有力的证据基础来指导临床决策.
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