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太阳花基因组提供了关于油脂代谢,开花和星座进化的见解

Hélène Badouin¹, Jérôme Gouzy¹, Christopher J Grassa^1,2

¹LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France.

|May 25, 2017

概括

通过挖掘野生亲属的抗性等位基因, 增强了向气候变化的抗性. 高质量的基因组组显示出花期和油代谢的基因网络, 这对于作物改善至关重要.

科学领域:

植物基因组学
农作物科学
进化生物学

背景情况:

化向日 (Helianthus annuus L.) 是一种重要的油作物,因其适应性而具有适应气候变化的潜力.
野生向日的亲属为增强作物的抗性提供了有价值的抗性等位基因,特别是对干旱等环境压力因素.
测序技术的进步对于组装复杂的基因组来说至关重要,

研究的目的:

为了生成Helianthus annuus L的高质量参考基因组.
重建星座的进化历史,并确定向日进化的重复事件.
开发花期和油代谢的综合基因网络,以确定作物改进的新候选基因.

主要方法:

使用单分子实时 (SMRT) 技术进行高质量的基因组测序.
包括进化史重建和全基因组重复的识别在内的全基因组分析.
综合性方法结合了定量遗传学,基因表达和多样性数据来构建基因网络.

主要成果:

组装了Helianthus annuus L.的高质量的3.6基基基因组.
在Asterids II中发现了全基因组三重复的证据,并且在约2900万年前发现了日向的全基因组复制.
对花期和油代谢进行了全面的基因网络开发,揭示了新的候选基因和对监管网络长期稳定的洞察力.

结论:

太阳花基因组组提供了改善生物和非生物应激抵抗和石油生产的基础资源.
了解由古代重复形成的花期等特征的基因组结构是有针对性的育种策略的关键.
开发野生亲属的遗传多样性,以及基因组洞察力,对于开发气候适应性和营养价值的向日作物至关重要.

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