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治疗T细胞工程

Michel Sadelain¹, Isabelle Rivière¹, Stanley Riddell²

¹Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.

|May 26, 2017

概括

基因工程T细胞使用化学抗原受体 (CARs) 显示出治疗癌症的前景. 进一步的研究旨在通过解决抗原向和瘤微环境等挑战来扩大它们在各种疾病中的使用.

科学领域:

免疫学
癌症学
生物技术

背景情况:

基因工程T细胞代表了癌症治疗的重大进步.
化学抗原受体 (CAR) 是重定向T细胞活动的合成受体.
针对CD19的CAR在B细胞恶性瘤中具有很高的疗效.

研究的目的:

审查基于T细胞的疗法的潜力和挑战.
突出T细胞工程和制造方面的进步.
探索癌症治疗之外的未来应用.

主要方法:

对CAR T细胞治疗的当前文献的综述.
对B细胞恶性瘤的成功分析.
讨论固体瘤和其他疾病的挑战.

主要成果:

特别是针对CD19的CAR T细胞对B细胞癌症有效.
仍然存在重大障碍,包括抗原识别,瘤微环境调节,毒性和抗原逃逸.
在T细胞选择,基因工程和制造方面的进步至关重要.

结论:

工程T细胞疗法对各种癌症具有很大的潜力.
克服目前的局限性是更广泛的临床应用的关键.
未来的应用可能会扩展到传染病和自身免疫性疾病.

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