人道主义制度不仅破产,而且破产:对未来的人道主义行动的建议
1Johns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 13, 2017
概括
目前的人道主义制度无法满足越来越多的流离失所者的需求. 建议侧重于整合卫生系统,改善协调,确保未来公共卫生紧急情况的有效和可持续干预.
科学领域:
- 全球健康
- 人道主义援助
- 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 越来越多的人道主义紧急情况导致前所未有的强迫流离失所.
- 现有的人道主义制度是为不同的时代而设计的,
- 叙利亚冲突和埃博拉疫情等危机的教训凸显了系统性的失败.
研究的目的:
- 为改革人道主义制度提出可行的建议.
- 加强人道主义危机中公共卫生应对措施的相关性和有效性.
- 确保该系统能够满足日益增长的流离失所人口的需求.
主要方法:
- 分析最近的大规模人道主义危机的教训.
- 确定人道主义援助系统改进的关键领域.
- 制定未来公共卫生应对措施的四大战略.
主要成果:
- 让受影响群体的保护发挥核心作用.
- 通过人道主义与发展联系,将流离失所者纳入国家卫生系统.
- 改革人道主义部门的领导和协调结构.
- 提高干预措施的效率,有效性和可持续性.
结论:
- 目前的人道主义制度需要彻底的重组,
- 需要政府和主要组织的合作和放弃权力.
- 这些改革对于未来有效应对全球危机的公共卫生至关重要.
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