在人道主义危机中进行公共卫生干预的证据
Karl Blanchet1, Anita Ramesh2, Severine Frison2
1Health in Humanitarian Crises Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 13, 2017
概括
人道主义危机中公共卫生干预的证据数量和质量有限. 这一系统性审查突出了重大研究缺口,特别是在非传染性疾病和水,卫生和卫生干预方面.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 人道主义反应
- 基于证据的干预
背景情况:
- 越来越多的人认识到需要有效和高效的人道主义反应.
- 对人道主义危机中卫生干预现有证据的广度和质量了解有限.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查人道主义危机中公共卫生干预的证据数量和质量.
- 确定该领域的主要研究缺口.
主要方法:
- 1980年至2014年间发表的研究的系统审查.
- 包括标准用于确定人道主义背景下的健康干预相关研究.
- 对不同健康主题的证据数量和质量进行分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了345项研究,根据健康主题的证据数量有显著差异 (例如传染病:131项,营养:77,非传染病:8项).
- 观察到研究设计和方法的常见缺陷,限制了确定干预因果关系和归因的能力.
- 证据的数量和质量显著有限,特别是在非传染性疾病和水,卫生和卫生 (WASH) 方面.
结论:
- 尽管人道主义卫生活动增加,但研究基础在数量和质量上仍然有限.
- 有必要扩大对人道主义干预的研究.
- 解决研究缺口对于提高人道主义卫生响应的有效性和效率至关重要.
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